P. Ounjai, K. D. Kim, P. V. Lishko and K. H. Downing. Three-dimensional structure of the bovine sperm connecting piece revealed by electron cryotomography. Biology of Reproduction (2012)

H. Dong, J. Y. Shu, Y. F. Ma, S. Liu, O. Gang, M. V. Tirrell, K. H. Downing, T. Xu. 3-Helix Micelles Stabilized by Polymer Springs J. Am. Chem. Soc. (2012)

D. Murat, V. Falahati, L. Bertinetti, R. Csencsits, A. Körnig, K. H. Downing, D. Faivre and A. Komeili. The magnetosome membrane protein, MmsF, is a major regulator of magnetite biomineralization in Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1. Molecular Microbiology (2012)

S. Yakovlev, N. P. Balsara and K. H. Downing Limits of spatial and compositional resolution of electron energy loss spectroscopy of soft materials. Ultramicroscopy 116, 39-46 (2012)

R. Henderson, A. Sali, M. L. Baker, B. Carragher, B. Devkota, K. H. Downing, E. H. Egelman, Z. Feng, J. Frank, N Grigorieff, W. Jiang, S. J. Ludtke, O. Medalia, P. A. Penczek, P. B. Rosenthal, M. G. Rossmann, M. F. Schmid, G. F. Schröder, A. C. Steven, D. L. Stokes, J. D. Westbrook, W. Wriggers, H. Yang, J. Young, H. M. Berman, W. Chiu, G. J. Kleywegt and C. L. Lawson Outcome of the first electron microscopy validation task force meeting. Structure 20, 205-14 (2012)

S. Yakovlev, X. Wang, P. Ercius, N. P. Balsara and K. H. Downing. Observation of ionic clusters in a polyelectrolyte membrane by electron tomography. J Am Chem Soc., 133, 20700-3 (2011).

S. Yakovlev and K. H. Downing Self pressure freezing for the preparation of frozen hydrated sections. J. Microsc. 244, 235-47 (2011)

S. Yakovlev and K. H. Downing Crystalline ice as a cryoprotectant: theoretical calculation of cooling speed in capillary tubes. J. Microsc. 243, 8-14 (2011)

D. M. Larson, K. H. Downing and R. M. Glaeser The surface of evaporated carbon films is an insulating, high-bandgap material. J. Struct. Biol. 174, 420-3 (2011)

H. Wang and K. H. Downing Specimen preparation for electron diffraction of thin crystals. Micron 42, 132-40 (2011)

C. V. Sindelar and K. H. Downing. An atomic-level engine that accounts for kinesin motility and catalysis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 107, 4111-6 (2010).

F. Amat, L. R. Comolli, J. F. Nomellini, F. Moussavi, K. H. Downing, J. Smit and M. Horowitz Analysis of the intact surface layer of Caulobacter crescentus by cryo-electron tomography. J. Bacteriol. 192, 5855–5865 (2010)

E. D. Goley, L. R. Comolli, K. E. Fero, K. H. Downing, and L. Shapiro DipM links peptidoglycan remodeling to outer membrane organization in Caulobacter. Mol. Microbiol. 77, 56-73 (2010)

M. E. Byrne, D. A. Ball, J-L. Guerquin-Kern, I. Rouiller, T-D. Wu, K. H. Downing, H. Vali and A. Komeili Ultrastructural investigation of a magnetotactic Desulfovibrio reveals a novel membrane-bounded organelle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 107, 12263-8 (2010)

G. R. Bowman, L. R. Comolli, G. M. Gaietta, M. Fero, S.-H. Hong, Y. Jones, J. Obayashi, K. H. Downing, M. H. Ellisman, H. H. McAdams and L. Shapiro Caulobacter PopZ forms a polar sub-domain dictating sequential changes in pole composition and function. Mol. Microbiol. 76, 173-89 (2010)

K. H. Downing Commentary on “Structure of a Conserved Retroviral RNA Packaging Element by NMR Spectroscopy and Cryo-Electron Tomography” by Y. Miyazaki et al. J. Mol. Biol. 404, 749-50 (2010)

K. H. Downing and E. Nogales “Cryo-Electron Microscopy Applications in the Study of Tubulin Structure, Microtubule Architecture, Dynamics and Assemblies, and Interaction of Microtubules with Motors”. Methods. Enzymol. 483, 121-42 (2010)

Y.-C. Yeh, L. R. Comolli, K. H. Downing, L. Shapiro and H. H. McAdams. The Caulobacter Tol- Pal complex is essential for outer membrane integrity and the positioning of a polar localization factor. J. Bacteriol., 192, 4847–4858 (2010).

B.-G. Han, M. Dong, H. Liu, L. Camp, J. Geller, M. Singer, T. C. Hazen, M. Choi, H. E. Witkowska, D. A. Ball, D. Typke, K. H. Downing, M. Shatsky, S. E. Brenner, J.-M. Chandonia, M. D. Biggin, R. M. Glaeser Survey of large protein complexes in D. vulgaris reveals unexpected structural diversity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106 16580-5 (2009)

H-Y N. Holman, E. Wozei, Z. Lin, L. R. Comolli, D. A. Ball, S. Borglin, M. W. Fields, T. C. Hazen and K. H. Downing Effect of ion distribution on conductivity of block copolymer electrolytes. Nano Lett. 9, 1212–1216 (2009)

L. R. Comolli, B. J. Baker, K. H. Downing, C. E. Siegerist, and J. F. Banfield Three-dimensional analysis of the structure and ecology of a novel, ultra-small archaeon. ISME J. 3, 159–167 (2009)

H. Miao, K. H. Downing, X. Huang, J. Kirz, S. Marchesini, J. Nelson, D. Shapiro, J. Steinbrener, A. Stewart and C. Jacobsen Cryo diffraction microscopy: ice conditions and finite supports. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 186 (2009)

J. H. Nettles and K. H. Downing “The Tubulin Binding Mode of Microtubule Stabilizing Agents Studied by Electron Crystallography” in Topics in Current Chemistry: Tubulin Binding Agents: Synthetic, Structural and Mechanistic Insights. T. Carlomagno, ed. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)

A. Radenovic, E. Trepagnier, R. Csencsits, K. H. Downing and J. Liphardt Fabrication of 10nm diameter hydrocarbon nanopores. App. Phys. Lett. 93, 183101 (2008)

G. R. Bowman, L. R. Comolli, J. Xhu, M. Koenig, T. N. Earnest, K. H. Downing, W. E. Moerner and L. Shapiro A bacterial polymeric protein anchors the chromosome origin and governs multiprotein complex assembly a the cell poles. Cell 134, 945-55 (2008)

K. A. Dietrich, C. V. Sindelar, P. D. Brewer, K. H. Downing, C. R. Cremo and S. E. Rice The kinesin-1 motor protein is regulated by a direct interaction of its head and tail. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 105, 8938-43 (2008)

K. H. Downing and R. M. Glaeser Restoration of weak phase-contrast images recorded with a high degree of defocus: the “twin image” problem associated with CTF correction. Ultramicroscopy 108, 921-28 (2008)

K. H. Downing and P. E. Mooney A charge-coupled device camera with electron decelerator for intermediate voltage electron microscopy. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 79, 043702 (2008)

E. D. Gomez, M. L. Ruegg, A. M. Minor, C. Kisielowski, K. H. Downing, and N. P. Balsara Interfacial concentration profiles of rubbery polyolefin lamellae determined by quantitative electron microscopy. Macromol. 41, 156 -162 (2008)

L. R. Comolli, A. Spakowitz, C. E. Siegerist, S. Grimes, P. Jardine, D. L. Anderson, C. Bustamante, and K. H. Downing Three-dimensional architecture of the bacteriophage f29 packaged genome and elucidation of its packaging process. Virology 371, 267-277 (2008)

F. Amat, F Moussavi, L. R. Comolli, G. Elidan, K. H. Downing and M. Horowitz Markov random field based automatic alignment of low SNR images for cryo electron tomography. J. Struct. Biol. 161, 260-75 (2008)

K. H. Downing and P. E. Mooney. A charge-coupled device camera with electron decelerator for intermediate voltage electron microscopy. Rev. Sci. Instrum. (online Apr. 2008).

E Nogales and K. H. Downing “Tubulin and Microtubule Structures” in Microtubules: Targets in Therapy. T. Fojo, ed. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ (2008)

K. H. Downing “Tubulin and the Dynamic, Multifunctional Microtubules It Forms” in Fibrous Proteins. T. Scheibel, ed. Landers Press, Austin (2008)

A. N. Killilea, K. H. Downing and D. W. Killilea Zinc deficiency reduces paclitaxel efficacy in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Cancer Lett. 258, 70-9 (2007)

M. J. Park, K. H. Downing, A. Jackson, E. D. Gomez, A. M. Minor, D. Cookson, A. Z. Weber and N. P. Balsara Increased Water retention in polymer electrolyte membranes by capillary condensation. Nano Lett. 7, 3547-3552 (2007)

H. Wille, C. Govaerts, A. Borovinskiy, D. Latawiec, K. H. Downing, F. E. Cohen, and S. B. Prusiner Electron crystallography of the scrapie prion protein complexed with heavy metals. Arch. Biochim. Biophys. 467, 239-48 (2007)

C. V. Sindelar and K. H. Downing The beginning of kinesin's force-generating cycle visualized at nanometer resolution. J. Cell Biol. 177, 377-85 (2007)

K. H. Downing and H. Sui Structural insights into microtubule doublet interactions in axonemes. Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 17, 253-9, (2007)

R. Cambie, K. H. Downing, D. Typke, R. M. Glaeser and J. Jin Design of a microfabricated, two-electrode phase-contrast element suitable for electron microscopy. Ultramicroscopy 107, 329-39 (2007)

K. H. Downing, H. Sui and M. Auer Electron Tomography – a 3-D view of the sub-cellular world. Analyt Chem 79, 7949-57 (2007)

R. M. Glaeser, W. Chiu, D. DeRosier, K. H. Downing and J. Frank Electron Crystallography of Biological Macromolecules. Oxford Univ. Press, New York (2007)

O. S. Rosenberg, S. Deindl, L. R. Comolli, A. Hoelz, K. H. Downing, A. Nairn and J. Kuriyan Oligomerization states of the association domain and the holoenyzme of Ca2+/CaM kinase II. FEBS J. 273 682-694 (2006)

H. Sui and K. H. Downing Molecular architecture of axonemal microtubule doublets revealed by cryoelectron tomography. Nature 442 475-478 (2006)

L. R. Comolli, M. Kundman and K. H. Downing Characterization of intact subcellular bodies in whole bacteria by cryo electron tomography and spectroscopic imaging. J. Microsc. 223, 40-52 (2006)

D. Typke, C. J Gilpin, K. H. Downing and R. M. Glaeser Stroboscopic image capture: reducing the dose per frame by a factor of 30 does not prevent beam-induced specimen movement in paraffin. Ultramicroscopy 107, 106-115 (2006)

L. R. Comolli and K. H. Downing Dose Tolerance at helium and nitrogen temperatures for whole cell electron tomography. J. Struct. Biol. 152 149-56 (2005)

E. M. Judd, L. R. Comolli, J. C. Chen, K. H. Downing, W. E. Moerner, H. H. McAdams Distinct constrictive processes, separated in time and space, divide Caulobacter inner and outer membranes. J. Bacteriology 187 6874-82 (2005)

T. K. Kim, J. Wells, C. Kirkegaard, Z. Li, S. V. Hoffmann, J. E. Gayone, I. Fernandez-Torrente, P. Haberle, J. I. Pascual, K.T. Moore, A.J. Schwartz, H. He, J. C. H. Spence, K. H. Downing, S. Lazar, F. D. Tichelaar, S. V. Borisenko, M. Knupfer, and Ph. Hofmann Evidence against a charge density wave on Bi(111). Physical Review B 72, 085440-1-7 (2005)

D. Typke, R. A. Nordmeyer, A. Jones, J. Lee, A. Avila-Sakar, K. H. Downing and R. M. Glaeser High-throughput film densitometry: an efficient approach to generate large data sets. J. Struc. Biol. 149,17-29 (2005).

R. M. Glaeser and K. H Downing Specimen charging on thin films with one conducting layer: discussion of physical principles. Microsc. Microanalysis 10, 783-789 (2004)

K. H. Downing, M. R. McCartney and R. M. Glaeser. Experimental characterization and mitigation of specimen charging on thin films with one conducting layer. Microsc. Microanalysis 10, 790-796 (2004)

J. H. Nettles, H. Li, B. Cornett, J. Krahn, J. P. Snyder and K. H. Downing The electron crystallographic conformation and binding mode of epothilone A on αβ-tubulin: A distributed pharmacophore. Science 305, 866-869 (2004).

D. Typke, K. H Downing and R. M. Glaeser Electron microscopy of biological macromolecules: Bridging the gap between what physics allows and what we currently can get. Microsc. Microanalysis 10, 21-27 (2004)

J. L. Paluh, A. N. Killilea, H. W. Detrich, and K. H. Downing Meiosis-specific failure of cell cycle progression in fission yeast by mutation of a conserved beta-tubulin residue. Mol. Biol. Cell. 15, 1160-71 (2004)

J. C. H. Spence, U. Weierstall, T. T. Fricke, R. M. Glaeser and K. H. Downing Three-dimensional diffractive imaging for crystalline monolayers with one-dimensional compact support. J. Struct. Biol.144, 209-219 (2003)

H. Li, D. J. DeRosier, W. V. Nicholson, E. Nogales and K. H. Downing Microtubule structure at 8 Å resolution. Structure 10, 1317–1328 (2002).

S. Zhong, V. M. Dadarlat, T. Head-Gordon, R. M. Glaeser and K. H. Downing Modeling chemical bonding effects for protein electron crystallography: The transferable fragmental electrostatic potential (TFESP) method. Acta Cryst. A 58, 162-170 (2002)

Y.M. Traub-Cseko, J.M. Ramalho-Ortigão, A.P. Dantas, S.L. De Castro, H. S. Barbosa and K.H. Downing Dinitroaniline herbicides against protozoan parasites: how do they work? The case of Trypanosoma cruzi. Trends Parisitol. 17, 136-141 (2001)

J. P. Snyder, J. H. Nettles, B. Cornett, K. H. Downing and E. Nogales The binding conformation of Taxol in β-tubulin: A model based on electron crystallographic density. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 5312-5316 (2001)

K. H. Downing, H. Li Accurate recording and measurement of electron diffraction data in structural and difference Fourier studies of proteins. Microsc. Microanalysis 7, 407-417 (2001)

J. Löwe, H. Li, K. H. Downing and E. Nogales Refined structure of alpha beta-tubulin at 3.5 Å. J. Mol. Biol. 313, 1045-1057 (2001)

M. T. Facciotti, S. Rouhani, F. T. Burkard, F. M. Betancourt, K. H. Downing, R. B. Rose, G. McDermott, R. M. Glaeser Structure of an early intermediate in the M-state phase of the bacteriorhodopsin photocycle. Biophys. J. 81, 3442-3455 (2001)

N. V. Hud and K. H. Downing Cryoelectron microscopy of lambda phage DNA condensates in vitreous ice: The fine Structure of DNA toroids. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 14925-14930 (2001)

A. J. Avila-Sakar, S. Misaghi, E. Wilson-Kubalek, E. Zgurskaya, H. Nikaido, K. H. Downing, R. M. Glaeser and E. Nogales Lipid-layer crystallization and preliminary three-dimensional structural analysis of AcrA, the periplasmic component of a bacterial multidrug efflux pump. J. Struct. Biol.136, 81-88 (2001)

P. Giannakakou, R. Gussio, E. Nogales, K. H. Downing, D. Zaharevitz, D. L. Sackett and T. Fojo A common pharmacophore for epothilone and taxanes: molecular basis for drug resistance conferred by tubulin mutations in cancer cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 2904-2909 (2000)

M. R,. Shen, K.H. Downing, R. Balhorn and N. V. Hud Nucleation of DNA condensation by static loops: Formation of DNA toroids with reduced dimensions. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122, 4833-4834 (2000)

K. L. Richards, K. R. Anders, E. Nogales, K. Schwartz, K. H. Downing and D. Botstein Structure-function relationships in yeast tubulins. Mol. Biol. Cell 11, 1887-1903 (2000)

K. H. Downing Structural basis for the interaction of tubulin with proteins and drugs that affect microtubule dynamics. Emerging Therapeutic Trends 4, 219-237 (2000)

H. W. Detrich, S. K. Parker, R. C. Williams, E. Nogales and K. H. Downing Cold adaptation of microtubule assembly and dynamics – Structural interpretation of primary sequence changes present in the alpha- and beta-tubulins of Antarctic fishes. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 37038-37047 (2000)

K. H. Downing "Structural studies of tubulin and microtubules" in: The Cytoskeleton in Signaling: a Practical Approach K. L. Carraway and C. A. Carraway, Eds. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. 2000